What is a city that forms without planned design, often due to natural circumstances?

A city that forms without planned design and often evolves due to natural circumstances is referred to as a "spontaneous city." This type of city emerges organically, typically in response to immediate needs or social dynamics rather than through a centralized planning effort. It may develop in areas where people gather for economic opportunities or social reasons and is characterized by a lack of formal regulations or design principles guiding its growth.

The concept of the spontaneous city highlights how communities can arise based on factors such as geography, available resources, or migration patterns, leading to a configuration that reflects the actual pragmatic needs of its inhabitants. Over time, these cities can develop their unique identity, architecture, and communal spaces, all of which are shaped by the living experiences of the residents.

Other types of cities mentioned, like a designed city, typically refer to urban areas that are purposefully planned from the outset, considering aspects like infrastructure, layout, and land use. A suburban city is usually a residential area on the outskirts of a major city, often planned for specific lifestyle preferences, while a historical city encompasses locations that have retained their significant architectural and cultural heritage over time.