What kind of town planning focused on community building and improving living conditions for workers?

The reformist approach to town planning emerged as a response to the rapid industrialization and urbanization of the 19th and early 20th centuries. This approach prioritized the needs and living conditions of workers who were significantly affected by the poor urban environments in which they lived. Reformists sought to create livable communities that integrated housing, green spaces, and essential services to enhance the quality of life for all residents, particularly those in lower socio-economic conditions.

Key elements of the reformist approach included the promotion of health and hygiene through better sanitation, access to light and air, and the establishment of parks and recreational areas. This focus on community building was revolutionary for its time, reflecting a shift towards urban design that emphasized social responsibility and welfare.

In contrast, traditional town planning often adhered to established practices that did not necessarily prioritize the needs of workers, while the speculator's approach was more concerned with profit maximization than community welfare. Ecological design, while integral in addressing environmental concerns in more recent times, does not directly focus on the specific social and economic conditions of workers in urban settings like the reformist approach does. Thus, the reformist approach stands out as the strategy that explicitly targeted the improvement of living conditions and community cohesion for the working class