What was the focus of the school of thought spearheaded by Robert Owen regarding worker's living conditions?

The school of thought spearheaded by Robert Owen primarily focused on community planning. Owen was a social reformer and one of the early advocates for the improvement of worker's living conditions during the Industrial Revolution. He believed that the environment in which people lived and worked had a significant impact on their health, happiness, and productivity.

Owen's ideas emphasized creating cooperative communities that would provide better living conditions for workers. He established model communities, such as New Lanark in Scotland, where he implemented practices to improve the welfare of workers, including better housing, education, and labor conditions. This approach went beyond merely constructing buildings; it involved designing entire communities to promote social well-being and interaction among residents.

His focus on ideal living situations for workers led to a broader understanding of urban reform, encapsulating not just the physical spaces but also the social infrastructures needed to support better quality of life. Therefore, the correct answer reflects Owen's commitment to community planning as a means to enhance worker conditions.