Which ancient civilization is known for its use of baked bricks and developed in the Indus River valley?

The Indus Valley civilization is renowned for its advanced urban planning and architecture, particularly its innovative use of baked bricks. This ancient civilization, which flourished around 2500 BCE in what is now Pakistan and northwest India, made significant contributions to construction techniques that have had a lasting impact on architectural practices.

The use of baked bricks allowed for more durable and weather-resistant structures compared to unbaked mud bricks, which were commonly used in other civilizations at the time. This choice of material reflects their sophistication in both construction and urban planning, with cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa demonstrating remarkable grid layouts, drainage systems, and public baths.

The other options represent different ancient civilizations that had distinct architectural practices and were located in various parts of the world, such as the Yellow River civilizations in China, Mesoamerican cultures in Central America, and the Nile civilization in Egypt, which were not characterized by the same extensive use of baked bricks. Thus, the Indus Valley civilization stands out for its use of this material, marking an important phase in the history of architecture.