Which model describes the arrangement of social groups in wedges around the central business district?

The Sector Model, proposed by economist Homer Hoyt in 1939, effectively illustrates the arrangement of social groups in urban environments. This model suggests that cities develop in sectors or wedges radiating outward from the central business district (CBD), with each sector representing different land uses or social groups.

As cities grow, they expand along transportation routes, leading to growth patterns that are not concentric but rather sectoral. For example, as industries establish along certain transportation lines, residential areas develop in close proximity, creating distinct sectors where similar socioeconomic groups cluster. This model accounts for the influence of transportation and the way it can shape urban land use by offering a more realistic representation than concentric models.

In contrast, the Multiple Nuclei Model emphasizes multiple centers of activity rather than sectors radiating from a single point, while the Concentric Zone Theory posits that urban land use grows from the inside out in circular zones. Urban Realms focuses on the concept of self-sufficient suburban areas that function independently yet are connected to the larger metropolitan area, leading to a more decentralized urban form. Each of these models highlights different aspects of urban development but does not capture the wedge-like distribution of social groups around a central business district as effectively as the Sector Model does.