Which model of urban structure focuses on multiple centers of activity within a city?

The Multiple Nuclei Model is a prominent concept in urban geography that emphasizes the existence of multiple centers, or "nuclei," of activity within a city. Unlike earlier models, such as the Concentric Zone Theory, which suggests a single center of growth radiating outwards, or the Sector Model, which focuses on the development of sectors or wedges from a central area, the Multiple Nuclei Model acknowledges that cities develop in response to various factors and functions.

In this model, different areas of the city can serve distinct purposes, such as residential, commercial, and industrial zones, and these areas can arise independently. For example, a city might have a central business district, a manufacturing zone, suburban neighborhoods, and entertainment areas, all operating as separate entities within the urban landscape. This model reflects the complexity and diversity of modern urban environments, recognizing that cities can evolve to include several focal points of economic and social activity rather than just a single dominant center.

This approach allows for a more nuanced understanding of urban dynamics, taking into account the impact of transportation networks, social changes, and economic factors that contribute to the formation of different centers within the urban structure.