Which term refers to a living street that uses various measures to calm traffic in a residential area?

The term "woonerf" refers specifically to a shared space or living street designed to prioritize pedestrians and cyclists over vehicular traffic. This concept originated in the Netherlands and is characterized by features that promote a calm, safe environment in residential areas. Woonerfs often implement design elements such as wider sidewalks, integrated landscaping, and traffic-calming measures like reduced speed limits and the elimination of traditional curbs. The idea is to create a multifunctional space where vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists coexist harmoniously, enhancing community interaction and safety.

The other terms do not encapsulate the idea of a living street focused on calming traffic in residential neighborhoods. Channelization relates to guiding traffic flow through geometrical modifications, typically in busy intersections. Incentive zoning involves regulations that encourage developers to provide public benefits in exchange for zoning concessions, which does not specifically address traffic management in residential areas. Constellation does not pertain to urban design or traffic calming at all; it generally refers to a group of stars or can relate to a conceptual framework in different contexts. Thus, "woonerf" is the most applicable term for a space designed to enhance the living experience while calming traffic.