Which theory suggests that environmental conditions influence perception of objects?

Ecological Theory posits that the environment significantly impacts how individuals perceive and interact with objects within it. Developed primarily by psychologist James J. Gibson, this theory highlights the relationship between organisms and their environments, driving home the point that perception is not merely a passive reception of stimuli but is shaped by the dynamic interactions that occur within specific contexts. It emphasizes that our perception is influenced by affordances, or the actionable possibilities objects present, which vary based on environmental conditions.

This perspective is essential in understanding architectural and design contexts, where the physical environment can alter how spaces and objects are experienced. For instance, light, texture, and spatial arrangement can all affect an individual's perception and behavior, making Ecological Theory highly relevant in architecture and urban planning. This theory stands out by focusing on the practical interactions between humans and their surroundings, which is foundational for creating spaces that resonate with their intended purpose and use.