Which type of society is characterized by impersonal relationships and self-interest?

The correct answer is Gesellschaft, which refers to a type of society that is characterized by impersonal relationships and a focus on self-interest. This concept was introduced by sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies to contrast with Gemeinschaft, which denotes a more community-oriented society with close, personal relationships and a strong sense of belonging.

In a Gesellschaft society, individuals typically prioritize their own goals and needs over those of the community. Relationships are often more transactional, where connections are based on utility rather than emotional ties. This type of social organization is commonly associated with modern urban environments where individuals may live in close proximity but maintain a certain degree of social distance.

Other options like Gemeinschaft, Communitarian, and Collectivist embrace a more connected and cooperative social fabric, emphasizing shared values, community bonds, and collective interests, which stand in contrast to the self-interested nature of Gesellschaft. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the dynamics of different social structures and their implications for human interaction and community life.